Density Based 4 Way Automatic Traffic Signal Control System.

Abstract

Traffic congestion is a severe problem in many major cities across the world and it has become a nightmare for the commuters in these cities. Traffic can be controlled in several main junctions by incorporating either automatic traffic light control or traffic police. But conventional traffic light system is based on fixed time concept allotted to each side of the junction which cannot be varied as per varying traffic density. At some times, priority of traffic light needs to be changed based on a greater number of vehicles waiting in same road, VIPs vehicles and Ambulance vehicles etc. We propose to design and develop a density-based traffic signal system. The signal changes automatically on sensing the traffic density at the junction. The prototype model was developed using IR sensors and Arduino. We use Arduino to write programming according to our requirements due to its simplicity and economy and IR sensors is used to measure the traffic density in a particular road. IR sensors are arranged on each road in accurate manner to detect traffic density properly; these sensors always sense the traffic on that particular road. All these sensors are interfaced to the Arduino. Based on these sensors, controller detects the traffic and controls the traffic system. The controls of traffic light depend on number of vehicles available in the road.