Impact Of Climate of Change On Structural Design In Bangladesh : Challenges , Adaptations , And PolicyGAPS

Abstract

Climate change has emerged as a significant challenge to infrastructure development and sustainability in Bangladesh, a country frequently exposed to natural hazards such as cyclones, flooding, salinity intrusion, and temperature extremes. This study investigates the impact of climate change on structural design practices across various climatic zones of Bangladesh, encompassing coastal, urban, and northern regions. A comprehensive methodology was adopted, combining field surveys, expert interviews, focus group discussions, and case studies to assess both physical effects on structures and the adaptation measures adopted by engineers, policymakers, and communities. Primary data were collected from affected communities, practicing engineers, and institutional representatives, while secondary data were sourced from government agencies, research institutions, and construction industry stakeholders. The findings reveal that climate-induced hazards have already compromised the integrity of various structural elements, particularly in coastal and flood-prone regions. The study also identifies an evolving trend among designers and engineers to incorporate climate resilience in design, yet highlights major gaps in enforcement, policy coherence, and technical guidance. A SWOT analysis of current disaster-resilient design approaches reveals strengths in local innovations and weaknesses in institutional coordination. The study concludes with practical recommendations for strengthening structural design codes, enhancing institutional capacity, and promoting sustainable construction practices in the face of increasing climate variability.