Construction And Analysis Of Flat Plate Solar Water Heater System

Abstract

This project introduces a solar water heating system defined as a sustainable solution that leverages solar energy for efficient water heating, minimizing dependence on conventional power sources. The system operates by capturing solar energy through a photovoltaic panel, which is then stored in a battery to ensure continuous energy supply regardless of sunlight variability. An inverter circuit converts the stored DC energy into the appropriate AC voltage and current needed to operate the system. This electrical energy is directed to a burner coil submerged in a water tank, where the coil functions as the main heating element. The heating process can be analyzed in terms of energy transfer, where electrical energy E = V×I×T (with V as voltage, I as current, and T as time) is converted into thermal energy Q = mcΔT (where m is the water mass, c is the specific heat capacity, and ΔT is the temperature change). This integration enables efficient thermal conversion and storage, offering advantages such as reduced carbon emissions, lower energy bills, and enhanced energy independence. The model highlights the practical application of renewable energy in everyday use, making it suitable for residential and small scale commercial implementation.