“The Challenges of Implementing Safe, Voluntary, and Dignified Repatriation of Rohingya Refugees under International Law”

Abstract

The Rohingya refugee crisis represents one of the most complex humanitarian and legal challenges of the 21st century. Over one million Rohingya refugees have fled Myanmar and sought refuge primarily in Bangladesh due to systematic persecution, violence, and denial of citizenship. International law emphasizes that refugee repatriation must be safe, voluntary, and dignified. However, implementing these principles in the case of the Rohingya remains deeply problematic. This study examines the legal framework governing refugee repatriation under international law and critically analyzes the political, legal, and practical challenges hindering the safe return of Rohingya refugees to Myanmar. The paper argues that without accountability, restoration of citizenship, and international pressure, repatriation efforts risk violating fundamental principles of international refugee and human rights law. Keywords: Rohingya Refugees, Repatriation, International Law, Non-Refoulement, Human Rights