Family Law Reforms in Bangladesh: Balancing Tradition and Modernity

Abstract

This research paper critically examines the ongoing challenges and prospects of family law reforms in Bangladesh, focusing on the complex interplay between religious traditions and modern principles of gender equality and constitutional rights. It explores the legal frameworks governing Muslim and Hindu personal laws, highlighting discriminatory provisions affecting women’s rights in marriage, divorce, inheritance, and guardianship. The study analyzes societal, political, and legislative barriers—including religious sensitivities, patriarchal norms, political reluctance, and legal pluralism—that hinder comprehensive reform. It further evaluates the role of the judiciary and civil society in promoting incremental changes within this contested domain. The findings underscore the necessity of harmonizing personal laws with constitutional equality while respecting cultural diversity. The paper concludes with recommendations for legislative modernization, judicial activism, institutional strengthening, and community engagement to achieve a balanced reform agenda that upholds women’s rights without alienating religious and cultural identities. This research contributes to broader debates on legal pluralism, human rights, and gender justice in South Asia.