Design and Development of A low-cost 3-AXIS Mini Cnc Dremel Machine for Engraving by Using Arduino and GRBL

Abstract

Due to the rapid growth of technology the usage & utilization of CNC machine in industries are increased. The fabrication of low cost CNC machine is used to reduce cost and complexity of machine. This project outlines the design and components of a 3-axis Computer Numerical Control (CNC) Milling machine controlled by an Arduino UNO micro-controller. The system integrates a NEMA 17 stepper motor, Motor Driver Shield V3, A4988 Motor Driver, and a 775 DC motor (12V) for precise and controlled movement. Linear bearings (12mm), shaft rods, and 608zz bearings contribute to the smooth motion of the machine. The inclusion of an 8mm CNC screw nut and patch rod, along with a 5×8mm pulley, ensures accurate linear and rotational motion. Power is supplied through a 12V adapter with a female connector. This comprehensive setup allows for versatile CNC operations, showcasing a blend of precision and adaptability in the fabrication process.