| dc.description.abstract | The Constitution of Bangladesh recognizes Fundamental Rights as essential guarantees
for the protection of human dignity, liberty, equality, and justice. These rights, enshrined
primarily in Part III of the Constitution, serve as the foundation of democratic
governance and the rule of law. Since the independence of Bangladesh in 1971,
Fundamental Rights have played a crucial role in shaping the relationship between the
State and its citizens. They protect individuals from arbitrary state action and ensure
equal treatment before the law.
This thesis examines the constitutional framework of Fundamental Rights in
Bangladesh and evaluates their practical impact on society, governance, and the legal
system. It analyzes the historical development of constitutional rights, the influence of
international human rights instruments, and the judicial interpretation of constitutional
provisions. Special attention is given to the role of the Supreme Court of Bangladesh in
enforcing and expanding Fundamental Rights through landmark decisions.
The study further explores challenges affecting the realization of these rights, including
constitutional limitations, emergency powers, political instability, socio-economic
inequalities, and administrative inefficiencies. It also assesses the effectiveness of
constitutional remedies and the evolving jurisprudence concerning rights such as
equality before law, freedom of speech, freedom of religion, protection of life and
personal liberty, and safeguards against arbitrary arrest and detention.
By critically examining constitutional provisions and judicial practices, the thesis
demonstrates that although Bangladesh has established a comprehensive framework for
Fundamental Rights, significant gaps remain between constitutional promises and
practical implementation. Strengthening judicial independence, enhancing public
awareness, improving governance, and ensuring accountability are identified as
essential measures for the effective protection of Fundamental Rights. | en_US |
