Earth Fault And Overload Protection System Using GSM

Abstract

Automation in the distribution field permits utilities on actualize all the adaptable control for distribution systems, which can be used to upgrade efficiency, reliability, quality of electric service. Automation not only upgrade those qualities but also reduces human effort and saves time. Under and over voltage problem is one of the common type of problems which leads most of the insulation and appliance damage throughout our country. In this report we are going to show how under and over voltage problem leads a system into catastrophic situation and also describe how those problems can be minimized economically using automation with a GSM module followed by SMS alert in distribution system. This paper presents an idea of fault locating method with highly computational method. The project also presents some guidelines for design of fault location and remote indication, for reducing power outages and reducing heavy loss of revenue. The paper proposes fault location model for underground power cable using microcontroller. The aim of this paper is to determine the distance of underground cable fault from base station in meters. This paper uses the simple concept of ohm’s law. When any fault like short circuit occurs, voltage drop will vary depending on the length of fault in a cable, as the current varies. A set of resistors are therefore used to represent the cable and a dc voltage is fed at one end and the fault is detected by detecting the change in voltage using a analog to digital converter and a microcontroller is used to make the necessary calculations so that the fault distance is calculated and will be displayed in the LCD display. In addition a message in the form of SMS about the fault location will be sent to the concern person mobile through the GSM modem which is also interfaced to the controller.